Unit 4 1.看肥皂剧watch soap operas 2.举行一次惊喜晚会have a surprise party 3.在周五晚上on Friday night 4.生某人的气be mad at sb 5.首先first of all  6.做课外家庭作业do a homework project 7.递给某人某物 pass sb sth=pass sth to sb  =pass on sth to sb=pass sth on to sb 8.在公共汽车站at the bus stop 9.理应做某事 be supposed to do 10.擅长 be good at=do well in 11.很抱歉做某事 be sorry to do sth 12.感冒have/catch a cold  13.身体健康 be in good health 14.一次期末考试 an end-of-year exam 15.在某事方面感到费劲 have a hard time with 16.做某事很吃惊 be surprised to do 17.捎去某人的问候send one’s love 18.到现在为止for now 19.抄袭别人的家庭作业copy others’ homework 20.传些口信pass on some messages 21.大打一架have a big fight 22.忘记去做某事 forget to do 23.养成一个坏习惯 start a bad habit 24.克服get over 25.改变某人的生活  change one’s life=change the life of sb 26.在一个贫困的山村in a poor mountain village 27.听起来像sound like 28.一个北京大学的毕业生   a Peking University graduate 29.一个为期一年的计划a one-year program 30.由…发起be started by 31.教育部the Ministry of Education 32.派人去做某事send sb to do 33.对某人来说是一个新的经历 be a new experience for sb 34.海拔2000米 2000 meters above sea level 35.使某人觉得恶心 make sb feel sick 36.经历不同的事 experience different things 37.打开某人对外面世界的视野   open up one’s eyes to the outside world 38.给某人生活一个好的开始   give sb a good start in life 39.在某人的生活中有一个好的影响 be a good influence in one’s life 40.关爱地球母亲 care for “Mother Earth” 41.无国界医生 Doctors Without Borders 42.濒危野生动物 wild animals in danger 43.处于危险之中 be in danger 44.脱离危险 be out of danger 直接引语变间接引语面面观 直接引语变间接引语面面观 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：   He?said,?“I?get?up?at?six?every?morning。”?→He?said?he?gets?up?at?six?every?morning.  ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could,?should,?would,?might）       The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.”  → The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”   直接引语如果是选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句. He?said,?"Can?you?swim,?John? →He?asked?John?if?he?could? swim. * 一、如何变人称：  “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She?said.?"My?brother?wants?to?go shopping?with?me.?” →She?said?her?brother wanted?to?go shopping?with?her.  “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： ? ： ?He?said?to?Kate.?"How?is?your?sister?now?” →He?asked?Kate?how?her?sister?was?then。  “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：  Mr?Smith?said,“Jack?is?a?good?boy.” →Mr?Smith?said?Jack?was?a?good?boy.  二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态；     She said: “ I am a student. ”  → She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时→过去将来时 She?said,"He?will?go?to?see?his?friend.”→She?said?he?would?go?to?see?his?friend。 二、如何变时态： 3) 现在进行时→过去进行时；    She said ,“I am reading a book.” →She said she was reading a book.      注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 ①直接引语是客观真理。     The?teacher said "The?earth?goes?around?the?sun?.” →?The?teacher?said?me?the?earth ?goes?around?the?sun?earth.  ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语变为间接引语时，时态不变。Jack?said.?"I?was?born?on?April?2l,?1980."?→Jack said?he?was?born?on?April?21,?1980. ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。    Jack?said.?“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”→Jack?said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.  三、如何变状语： 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” （例：now变为then,?yesterday变为?the?day?before ,today变为 that day)    He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ”→ He said he wanted to go swimming then. 地点状语， here 变 there  The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.”  ?→The teacher said I should go there at 7:00. 指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”  例：this?改为that   He?said,?"This?books?is?mine.“ ?→He?said?that?book ?was?his.      "Do?you?go?to?school?by?bus?or?by?bike?"? →He?asked?me?if?I?went?to?school?by?bus?or?by?bike. * 
八年级英语下unit4复习.ppt