* 现在完成时复习 Review of the Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时的构成：            have/has + 动词的过去分词 注：动词过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化，        规则变化的动词过去分词与过去式是一样的，不        规则变化的动词须特殊记忆。 规则动词过去分词的构成 1. 一般在动词后直接加-ed 构成规则 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，     直接加-d 3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的    重读闭音节词，先双写这     个辅音字母，再加-ed  4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，    先变“y”为“i”再加-ed  例词 look        looked play        played live         lived hope       hoped stop        stopped plan        planned study     studied carry     carried 写出下列动词的过去分词： work  like  cry  stay  learn  use  help  finish  cook  arrive worked liked cried stayed learned used helped finished cooked arrived 不规则动词过去分词的构成 1. 三个主要动词          is, am be          are was  were been have/has had had do/does did done 2. AAA型 （三者一致） cut               cut               cut let                 let                let put                put              put cost              cost             cost      read             read             read 3. ABA型 （过去分词与原形一致） come                came               come become           became           become run                  ran                    run 4. ABB型 （过去分词与过去式一致） bring             brought           brought find               found               found hear               heard               heard keep              kept                  kept make              made               made 此外还有leave, win, tell, spend, say，meet等等。 5. ABC型 （三者不一致） eat                 ate                  eaten give               gave               given write             wrote             written see                saw                seen get                got                 gotten begin           began             begun 此外还有go, take, know, speak, swim等等。 现在完成时的用法： 1.  表示已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 1） 标志词: already:  yet: 多用于陈述句，位于have/has后，有时位于句末。 e.g. I have  already finished my homework. 用于疑问句和否定句，位于句尾。 e.g. Have you found your lost book  yet ?        I haven't had breakfast  yet. ever :  never: 多用于疑问句，问初次经历。 e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing? 用于否定句，位于have/has后 e.g. He has never argued with other people. just :  before: 多用于陈述句，位于have/has后 e.g. Lucy has  just washed her clothes.  可用于各句式，位于句尾。 e.g. I have read this book  before.        He hasn't been abroad  before.        Have you flown to  Hainan  before? 2）无标志词的： e.g. He is not feeling well now. He  has caught a cold.          I  have lost the key. I can't go into my room.   2. 表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作        或状态。 标志词: 1）for +一段时间e.g. We  have lived in this city  for ten years.    2） since +过去点时间           since +一段时间+ago           since +从句（从句用一般过去式）     e.g. He  has worked here  since 1990.            She  has taught in this school  since two years ago.            We  have known each other  since we met.     3） so far,   once/twice/ three times ,all one's life e.g. They  have learnt 2000 words  so far.       Tom  has seen  the film  twice.        Her father  has worked in the factory  all his life.    4） in the past +一段时间         during the last +一段时间 e.g. They have built many high buildings                                                         in the  past three  years. Great changes have taken place in my hometown                                                   during the last two years 3. have / has been to          have / has gone to     have / has been in 曾经去过某地 到某地去了 在某地呆了多长时间 1. A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei?     B:  He ______________his school library.  2. The Greens _____________China for three years.  3. We _____________the Great Wall twice.       It’s very beautiful. has gone to have been in have been to * 
中考专项复习——现在完成时复习课件.ppt