基于PDA的草原鼠害数据采集系统的开发
武守忠1，高灵旺1，施大钊1，苏洪田2，梁建平1
（1. 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院，北京100094  2. 农业部全国畜牧总站草业处100026）
摘要：为提高草原鼠害监测的规范性、数据采集效率和数据传输的实时性，本文分析了当前数据采集的特点，以C#为开发工具，将PDA、GPS、XML等技术综合集成进行了基于PDA的草原鼠害数据采集系统的研发，开发出空间采集法、定点采集法、定面积捕尽法和铗日采集法等应用工具软件，实现了草原害鼠数据采集的半自动化，改变了传统野外数据采集方式，提高了工作效率。
关键词：PDA，GPS，数据采集，草原鼠害
中图分类号：　　　文献标识码：
Development Data Collection System of the Rodent Pest on the Grassland Based on the PDA with GPS
WU Shou-zhong1，GAO Ling-wang1，SHI Da-zhao1，SU Hong-tian2
（1. College of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, P. R. China, Beijing 100094  2. Grassland Division, National Animal Husbandry Service, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China）
Abstract: The rodent pest on the grassland was one of important disasters affecting animal husbandry in China. The monitoring on the population dynamics of rodents were critical for the prediction and control of rodent numbers.(草原鼠害已成为影响畜牧业发展的主要灾害之一，草原鼠害动态监测则是进行鼠害预测与控制的基础性环节). In order to improve the standardization, efficiency on the monitoring of rodent pest on the grassland and transmitt the data in realtime(为提高草原鼠害监测的规范性、数据采集效率和数据传输的实时性)，In accordance with the requirements of collecting the data，this paper makes an analysis of the present features of data collection on rodent pest on the grassland and integrate the technologies of PDA，GPS，XML and C# and so on to develop the data collection system based PDA, including four modules: Modules for data collection based on the space, the settled spot, the the settled area and days.The system achieves the goals of half-automating the data collection process，changing the traditional way for field data collection and enhancing the efficiency of work. 
Key words: PDA，GPS，Data Collection，rodent pest on the grassland
草原鼠害已成为影响畜牧业发展的主要灾害之一,我国20世纪50年代后期发生草原鼠害以来,国家和地方政府十分重视。控制草原鼠害的根本途径是防止草场退化,掌握害鼠数量变动规律进行预测预报,开展综合防治,将害鼠数量长期控制在不危害的程度,实现草地的可持续发展[1]。其中草原鼠害动态监测则是进行鼠害控制的基础环节，为此全国畜牧兽医总站制定并颁布实施了《草原鼠害调查技术规程（试行）》[2]。传统鼠害监测调查中的数据采集是将调查数据记录在纸张上，然后带回室内再录入到计算机中进行分析处理，这种方法存着如下一些问题：1) 野外人工数据记录工作量较大且不易准确定位；2) 对采集数据的完整性和采集数据因子之间的逻辑错误等问题得不到及时有效控制;3) 内业数据录入工作量大，作物施肥	图1 PDA草原鼠害数据采集系统（Fig. 1 Data collection system for monitoring rodent pest on the grassland based on PDA）
表1 各模块主发功能表Table 1 The table of functions of modules in the system
采集模块
Modules of the Software	主要功能
Main Functions		空间采集法模块
Module for data collection
based on the space	路线踏察、鼠害植被损失估计、鼠害发生面积
Investigation along a settled track, loss assessment caused by rodent pest on the grassland, and area with rodent pest on the grassland		定点采集法模块
Module for data collection
based on settled plot	害鼠洞口（土丘）系数调查、样地害鼠数量调查
Investigation for holes coefficient of rodent pests, and number of rodent pests in settled plot		定面积捕尽法模块
Module for data collection
based on the settled area	害鼠种群动态监测
Monitoring for dynamic population of rodent pest on the grassland		铗日采集法模块
Module for data collection
based on days	害鼠密度调查、农牧交错带数量调查
Investigation for density of rodent pest on the grassland, and the numbers of rodent pests in Agriculture and Pasturage Interlaced Zone		2.2 系统具备的功能
草原鼠害数据采集系统各个软件
基于PDA的草原鼠害数据采集系统的开发071014.doc