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介词.ppt
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介词.ppt介绍

(1)简单介词:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2)合成介词:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短语介词:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4)分词介词:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介词短语:
构成 例句 介词+名词 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介词+代词 Could you look for it instead of me? 介词+动名词 He insisted on staying home. 介词+连接代/副词 I was thinking of how we could get there. 介词+不定式/从句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介词的用法:
一、介词to的常见用法 
1.动词+to 
a)动词+ to 
adjust to适应, 
attend to处理;照料, 
agree to赞同, 
amount to加起来达…, 
belong to属于, 
come to达到, 
drink to为…干杯, 
get to到达, 
happen to发生在某人身上, 
hold to紧握, 
lead to通向, 
listen to听, 
occur to想起, 
object to反对, 
point to指向, 
respond to回答, 
refer to参考;指的是…;涉及, 
reply to回答, 
see to负责, 
stick to坚持, 
turn to求助, 
write to给某人写信。 
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb. 
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。 
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb. 
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给,reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。 
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to 
be alive to觉察;晓得, 
be attentive to注意;留心, 
be awake to知晓, 
be blind to缺乏眼光, 
be close to紧挨着, 
be common to对某人来说很普通, 
be contrary to违反;反对, 
be devoted to致力, 
be deaf to不愿意听, 
be equal to有…的力量, 
be exposed to暴露;遭受, 
be fair to对…公平, 
be familiar to对某人来说熟悉, 
be grateful to对某人心存感激, 
be good to对…有好处, 
be harmful to对…有危害, 
be important to对…重要, 
be kind to友好对待, 
be known to周知于, 
be married to嫁给, 
be moved to转移到, 
be near to靠近, 
be necessary to对…有必要, 
be opposite to在对面, 
be opposed to反对, 
be pleasant to合某人之意, 
be proper to专属, 
be polite to礼貌待人, 
be rude to粗暴对待, 
be relative to与…有关, 
be strange to不习惯, 
be similar to类似, 
be suitable to适合, 
be true to忠实, 
be thankful to感激, 
be useful to对…有用, 
be used to习惯。 
3.to+名词构成的词组 
to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来,to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地 
二、at的常见用法 at构成的词组比较多,要细心区分。 
1.动词+ at 
arrive at抵达,call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向…开火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对…高兴,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射击, stare at怒目而视,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖,wonder at吃惊,work at工作。 
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ at 
be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对…保持警觉,be astonished at对…吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧,be delighted at高兴,be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对…失望,be good at擅长, be impatient at对…不够耐心, be mad at狂热于,be pleased at对…感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意,be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对…非常震惊,be terrified at受到…的恐吓,be quick at对…很机敏。 
3.at+名词构成的词组 
at a distance在一定距离,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一点也不,at any cost不惜一切代价,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手头,at heart在内心里,at home在家;无拘束,at last最后,at least至少,at most最多,at once马上,at present目前。 
三、介词on的常见用法 
on的用法比较重要,本文介绍它的一些常见用法: 
1.动词+on 
a)动词+ on要认真区分下面一些词组 
act on对…有作用, bring on促使;导致, call on拜访某人,count on依赖, carry on执行,depend on取决, feed on以…为生,figure on料想;推断, go on继续,have on穿着, insist on坚持,keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以…为生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(电源), take to喜欢;养成;轻易学会,turn on接通(电源), work on操作, wait on侍候。 
b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.) 
base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。 
2.be+形容词+on的词组 
be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻,be impressed on对…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对…严格。 
3.on+名词构成的词组 
on board乘(车,飞机),on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行,on guard在岗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假 
四、介词in的常见用法 

介词.ppt

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