杂交鲟的生态习性、海水驯化与网箱养殖技术研究
毛旭剑
浙江海洋学院 海洋科学与技术学院，浙江 舟山 316004
    鲟鱼是一种古老的鱼类，有着很高的经济价值，已有一百多年的人工养殖历史。杂交鲟因其生长快、适应性广、抗病力强而成为养殖中的热门品种，在全国各地都有进行养殖，但基本上都是淡水养殖。杂交鲟是鲟鱼类种间或属间杂交育种的产物,其中最具养殖价值、已在我国推广养殖的杂交品种有3个，分别是小鳇鲟，回交小鳇鲟和大鳇鲟，其中以小鳇鲟最具养殖潜力。杂交鲟的养殖方式主要是集约化流水养殖、池塘养殖和网箱养殖，也可以分为淡水和咸水养殖。海水驯化是杂交鲟海水养殖的必要步骤。浙江海洋学院海洋科学研究所于2002年7月至8月在嵊泗工厂化养殖场进行了杂交鲟的海水驯化试验。经过36天的海水驯化以98﹪存活率获得成功，为杂交鲟的海水养殖铺平了道路。随后从2003年11月开始在嵊泗绿华深水网箱养殖基地进行为期4个月的杂交鲟深水网箱养殖试验。以85﹪的成活率和453.0g的体重增加获得成功。至此，杂交鲟的海水养殖流程已全部试验完成，可以进入规模养殖阶段。
The research of the bester’s behaviour、sea water taming and cage farming
Sturgeon is a ancient fish has been artificial farming for more than 100 years, has got very high value. The bester becomes the popular species of the farming fish because its growth is quick, the adaptdbility is wide, the anti-disease dint is strong, has proceeding farming in national locality,but most is farming in fresh water. The bester is miscellaneous to hand over the interspecific or generic, and there are three kinds among them   have most farming value and have expanded farming in our country, they are bectep、BBC and  pactp, but the one most has farming potential is bectep. The farming methods of bester are intensive turning following water farming ,pool farming and cage farming ,also can be divided into the fresh and the salt water farming. It is the nessary step to tame the bester in salt water for sea farming. Zhejiang Ocean University graduate school took the experiment of the bester salt water taming in the Shengsi farming factory in 2002 july. The taming turn to sea water through 36 days with 98% survive rate achieved success, evening the road spreading to sea farming. And then from 2003 november a experiment  of the bester farming in the offshore cage was taken in the Shengsi Lvhua offshore cage base  for four months. With 85% survive rate and 453.0g increment of weight achieves success. And so on, the process of the bester sea farming had completed all, can enter the stage of farming in scale.


目录
中英文摘要………………………………………………………(1)
前言……………………………………………………………(1)
1.国内外鲟鱼养殖产业现状…………………………………(2)
1.1国外鲟鱼养殖产业现状………………………………(2)
1.2国内鲟鱼研究和养殖的历史与现状…………………(2)
2.杂交鲟的生态习性……………………………………………(3)
2.1杂交鲟概述………………………………………………(3)
2.2小鳇鲟的生物学特性和生态习性………………………(3)
2.3大鳇鲟的生物学特性和生态习性………………………(4)
3.杂交鲟的普通网箱养殖………………………………………(4)
3.1网箱及布置………………………………………………(4)
3.2鱼种投放…………………………………………………(5)
3.3日常管理…………………………………………………(5)
3.4越冬………………………………………………………(5)
4.杂交鲟的海水驯化……………………………………………(5)
4.1试验场条件………………………………………………(5)
4.2试验苗种及运输…………………………………………(5)
4.3苗种放养…………………………………………………(5)
4.4海水驯化…………………………………………………(5)
4.5饲养管理…………………………………………………(6)
4.5.1饵料投喂…………………………………………(6)
4.5.2水质管理…………………………………………(6)
4.5.3疾病防治…………………………………………(6)
4.5.4生物学测定………………………………………(6)
4.5.5驯化结束…………………………………………(6)
5.杂交鲟的深水网箱养殖………………………………………(6)
5.1杂交鲟的工厂化海水养殖……………………………(6)
5.2杂交鲟的深水网箱养殖…………………………………(7)
5.2.1、养殖场条件………………………………………(7)
5.2.2、养殖试验鱼种及运输……………………………(7)
5.2.3、鱼种放养…………………………………………(7)
5.2.4、饲养管理…………………………………………(7)
6、杂交鲟养殖的经济社会效益分析……………………………(8)
7、讨论……………………………………………………………(9)
7.1试验讨论………………………………………………(9
杂交鲟的生态习性、海水驯化与网箱养殖技术研究.doc