腸子裡的學問剛出生的嬰兒消化道是無菌的藉由食物的傳入,不同細菌群落開始生長成年時，消化道內的微生物將超過500種，其數量超過100兆，約為人體細胞數的10倍，佔人體體重的0.9公斤結腸內的細菌數佔結腸的一半病從口入-- 有害菌引起的問題脹氣腹瀉每年30%人口因食物不潔引起腹瀉旅行者的腹瀉每年30億旅行人口之20-50% 腸躁症抗生素誘發的腹瀉20%使用抗生素者便秘腸炎/腸癌尿道感染,陰道手術感染,陰道炎每年全世界超過3 億個婦女罹患殲滅細菌? 抗生素的革命運動亞歷山大佛萊明Alexander Fleming (1881 - 1955) 盤林西林的發現Penicillin (1929) 共生? 有益菌的發現梅.契米可夫E. Metchnikoff (1845-1916) “保加利亞的農夫擁有長壽且健康的生活, 原因是食用發酵的乳製品.”有益菌vs 有害菌巧妙的平衡競爭必須營養素產生抑制物質腸壁(黏膜)黏附的競爭益生菌: 定義1974 Probiotics 益生菌Pro=for Bio=life 1998 Salminen S, Bouley C, et al. 足量具有活性、特定的微生物,它可改變宿主(人體)體內的微生物菌叢及發揮有益效果益生菌: 菌種和菌株乳酸菌Lactobacillus 比菲德氏菌Bifidobacterium 其他... 並非所有的菌株都相同聯合國糧食農業組織( FAO) 與聯合國世界衛生組織( WHO) 關於益生菌的規範PCC 乳酸桿菌專有的菌種, 專利申請中可從人體的胃腸微生物群中分離出來來自擁有罕見適應力的瑞典女人專屬益生菌基於以下幾點而百中選一的菌種: 能存活於胃酸、膽鹽及消化酵素之中已證實能在腸道中繁衍擁有較優的腸壁黏膜黏附性，優先附著於“派亞氏腺”Peyers Patches 能率先對人體免疫系統產生助益可阻止病原細菌的滋長12項臨床研究，16項臨床前研究，證實可減緩腸胃不適及促進良性微生物的生長和“派亞氏腺”區域的連結安定性研究專屬益生菌在20 o C 以下維持之活性專屬益生菌-食用方法最好和食物一起食用避免胃酸Alexander Fleming was a Scottish physician who discovered - quite by accident - that certain mold spores could prevent the growth of, and even kill, bacteria. This was an important discovery, because the penicillin could do this without harming human cells. And so, the antibiotic revolution began. Countless lives have been saved. 體內環保, 腸道健康他們為了什麼在裡面? 有免費的食物,當然是最好的住所! 有益菌vs 有害菌我們有一些是友善的! 乳酸菌Lactobacillus 比菲德氏菌Bifidobacterium 大腸桿菌傷寒桿菌產氣莢模桿菌梭胞桿菌金黃色葡萄球菌白色念珠菌屬A,B,C,LGG…. Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert consultation on evaluation of health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria. Córdoba, Argentina. October 1-4, 2001. Lactobacillus fermentum PCC 專屬益生菌之臨床證據1.恢復健康腸道的菌叢2.刺激黏膜免疫3.減緩IBS 症狀和偶發性的腹瀉,包括便秘,脹氣,腹脹,腹部不適4.改善泌尿生殖道菌叢( FAO/WHO 2001) * Supported by independent published research. References available upon request. 專屬益生菌之附著率專屬益生菌對於腸內黏膜細胞擁有良好的附著性良好的附著性顯示生存力, 且導致繁殖週期的延長一般乳酸菌專屬益生菌Source: Welin A, Farthing M, Conway PL. (Colonization of ileal mucosa). Publication in preparation, 2002. 專屬益生菌之電子掃描圖A) 派亞氏腺B) 非淋巴性的小腸組織優先黏著於“派亞氏腺”Source: Plant L, Conway PL. Association of Lactobacillus spp with Peyers Patches in mice. Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology 2002;8(2):320-324. 12 26 52 104 週次專屬益生菌品牌X 6 1010 4 x1010 2 x1010 8 x1010 1.2 x1011 6 x1010 1011 活存的乳酸菌OUCH! AAAH! ProBioPCC contains Lactobacillus fermentum. Since the mid 1980’s, research in Sweden, the UK and Australia search for probiotic strains of Lactobacillus which could reduce digestive tract disturbances as occurred in the Middle East during the Gulf war. After fruitlessly searching through hundreds of different Lactobacillus strains, Dr. Patricia Conway isolated a specific strain of L. fermentum from a Swedish woman who had an extraordinary resistance against traveler's diarrhea. Further studies showed that the PCC strain met all of the WHO crietria and more: It is of human intestinal origin and as such has a greater potential to survive and grow in the intestine. Laboratory studies proved that strain PCC could survive low acid conditions, digestive enzymes and bile acids. The PCC strain could prevent the growth of pathogens, those bacteria that cause disease and in fact prevented them from establishing in the intestine. The strain could attach to the intestinal wall and thereby allow it to establish and grow in the intestine. The strain preferentially targets the sites in the intestine that trigger the immune response, namely the Peyer’s Patches. ProBioPCC is best taken with food, because food helps buffer the stomach acid, and as a result enhances survival during the stomach passage into the intestine. The PCC strain is very effective at attaching to the wall of the intestine. Here we see the PCC cells densely associated with intestinal cells in the laboratory. On the left, you see a Lactobacillus strain that adheres poorly to the intestine.. 腸道黏膜上皮細胞內含有一區域性免疫組織培耶氏斑( Peyer’s patches) In addition, you can see here how the strain is densely associated with the Peyers Patches regions of the intestine, the site of the immune response in the intestine Finally, during a 2 year stability study of the L fermentum PCC strain in gelatin capsules, we have confirmed that the important natural biological characteristics of the PCC strain are stable. In particular, the strain does not alter its resistance to acid conditions or to bile acids and has similar pathogen inhibition and adhesion capacity and antibiotic sensitivity profiles. The strain is particularly stable. Lactobacillus fermentum PCC is a unique probiotic which has been shown in scientifically controlled studies to have a huge potential to deliver health benefits. It is available to you today in the Pharmanex product ProBioPCC. ProBioPCC contains Lactobacillus fermentum. Since the mid 1980’s, research in Sweden, the UK and Australia search for probiotic strains of Lactobacillus which could reduce digestive tract disturbances as occurred in the Middle East during the Gulf war. After fruitlessly searching through hundreds of different Lactobacillus strains, Dr. Patricia Conway isolated a specific strain of L. fermentum from a Swedish woman who had an extraordinary resistance against traveler's diarrhea. Further studies showed that the PCC strain met all of the WHO crietria and more: It is of human intestinal origin and as such has a greater potential to survive and grow in the intestine. Laboratory studies proved that strain PCC could survive low acid conditions, digestive enzymes and bile acids. The PCC strain could prevent the growth of pathogens, those bacteria that cause disease and in fact prevented them from establishing in the intestine. The strain could attach to the intestinal wall and thereby allow it to establish and grow in the intestine. The strain preferentially targets the sites in the intestine that trigger the immune response, namely the Peyer’s Patches. The World Health Organization has recently recognized the value that a good probiotic food or supplement can have, particularly in gastrointestinal health of both adults and children. But based on the scientific evidence, the WHO also has set down guidelines to set apart the good from the bad probiotics. Here is a list of the pre-requisites for an effective probiotic. Note the use of the word “STRAIN”. To describe a living organism, usually two names are necessary: GENUS, and SPECIES (example Homo sapiens). To determine the effectiveness of a microbe as a probiotic, genus and species are not sufficient. The strain must also be described. There are so many strains within a species, that the benefits of a probiotic cannot be extrapolated from the species alone. The benefits must be proven at the level of the STRAIN. For example, while the lactobacillus strains used in yogurt are great for making yogurt, they are not the best organisms for use as a probiotic. No mentioned here is shelf life and viability. The dose of live organisms is critical. This may seem a long list, however, if a probiotic strain conforms to these requirements, it will give us confidence that it will be an effective strain. Mow, let’s turn to our main objective today, and that is our new probiotic product, ProBioPCC. At birth, the digestive tract of a human baby is sterile, but it soon begins to be colonized by microbes. At first, the predominant bacteria are of the bifidobacteria genus. But once a child